August 23, 2017
MY CORNER by Boyd Cathey
Were Lee and the Confederates
“Traitors” Who Turned their Backs on the American Constitution?
Friends,
You
can tell a lot about a person by the friends he cherishes, and you can intuit
much about how a writer thinks on one
topic by how he thinks on another,
related topic. This surmise is not always true in every case, but, I think it
applies in a great majority of situations. Tell me what a person—a
distinguished author, a political leader, a cultural icon—believes, his
perspective, on this or that significant historical event, and you can usually gather a valid impression
of his worldview and overarching philosophy.
A
few years back I created my own measure, my own test, as it were, to determine
on which side of immense and fundamentally unbridgeable divides various writers
and authors, politicians, and others come down on. It seemed to me that we
could take, historically, several major conflicts and wars, that fundamentally
shaped not only subsequent history, but also, indelibly, the consciousness,
thinking and cultural outlook of succeeding generations, and utilize them as
markers.
I
came up with the following five:
1)
The English Civil War, 1642-1651;
2)
The
French Revolution, 1789-1799, also including the Napoleonic Period, 1799-1815;
3)
The
War Between the States, 1861-1865;
4)
The
Communist Revolution, 1917-1920; and
5)
The
Spanish Civil War, 1936-1939.
I
won’t dwell at length on my reasons for selecting these conflicts as measures—I
will save that discussion for another time. But I will say I believe how we
think about them clearly illustrates where a person stands in relation to the
accumulated inheritance—that great continuum—of Western and Christian
tradition. Respond correctly on all five (as I see it), and you are a staunch
defender of that heritage and most probably have been able, in some fashion, to
understand the fundamental connection those conflicts have in the context of
our civilization and our willingness to defend it.
Obviously,
for most self-described “conservatives,” there are at least two “giveaways” in
my list, that is, two of the five questions they would very likely answer
correctly: about the French Revolution and the Communist Revolution. Most
“conservatives,” if queried, would have certainly opposed them (and I would include that "great disrupter of Europe," Napoleon here).
It
becomes harder after that, and, I suggest, even more critical to a
determination. Not that many current “conservative” writers or politicians are
intimately familiar with the history, causes, and issues surrounding the
English Civil War. Yet, I would state
most vigorously that issues debated then
were, in microcosm and incipiently, some of the issues we continue to debate today, and that a faithful and thinking
defender of the continuity of Western tradition must, necessarily, come down on
the side of the Royalists, as opposed to Oliver Cromwell’s authoritarian
experiment in democracy. King Charles, for all his mistakes and bad decisions,
nevertheless, represented the traditions of his country and, as he stated at
his famous trial, represented “more the people of England” than the rump
“democratic” dictatorship of the Cromwellians and Roundheads.
Back
in the 1960s, back when William F. Buckley’s magazine, National Review and Russell Kirk’s journal, Modern Age, were arguably truly conservative, the question
concerning the Spanish Civil War would have, likewise, been a giveaway. Almost
all conservatives would have viewed that conflict in the light of a much
larger, universal conflict between international Communism and those forces
opposed to it, and this despite the fact that the anti-Republican Nationalist
forces led by Francisco Franco did receive some support from Fascist Italy and
Hitler’s Germany (while the Soviet Union not only supported the Republic, but
eventually via the Spanish Communist Party eliminated most of its opposition in
Spanish Republican ranks). But not today; indeed, many of the dominant “conservatives” of
2017—the Neoconservatives—come down passionately on the side of the socialist
Republic, and, employing the linguistic armor of the Left, they attack the
Nationalist, Catholic and traditionalist forces that fought against the
Republic, as “fascists.”
Finally,
there is the War Between the States, and it is here, in this case, where we
indeed can separate the true traditionalist conservatives who comprehend and
accept the continuum of Western Christian civilization, its virtues, and its
authority, and those who have, in reality and to varying degrees, severed
themselves from that continuity. It is here that we can range on one side those
who accept and participate in that “great chain of being”—that fundamentally religious and hierarchical structure of
all matter and life, decreed by God, Himself, and present in our historical consciousness,
and those who do not accept it. For support, in some form, of the Confederacy
becomes that crucial measure that determines not just a political outlook about
states’ rights and the original meaning of the American Constitution. It also
demonstrates a vision of reality and of our existence as human beings
created by and subservient to God as
part of an organic whole, a Creation which must continually be protected and
defended against those who would seek to puncture it, or distort its meaning, if not, eventually,
to subvert or destroy it.
Certainly,
there are those of good will and, let us call it, “invincible ignorance” who
have been educated to think that the primary issue in 1861 was slavery, and
that Abraham Lincoln was simply reacting to those “rebels” who wished to
destroy “the sacred bonds” of Union, while advancing the great humanitarian
cause of “freedom.” So much for the caliber and character of our contemporary
educational system, not to mention Hollywood’s ideologically tendentious (and
mostly successful) attempts to influence us.
Yet, that mythology surrounding
the Southern Iliad of 1861-1865 will not stand serious cross-examination.
Consider
these popular myths and shibboleths:
“The War was about slavery!” Not really
accurate: the war aims cited repeatedly by Lincoln and Northern publicists were
that the War was to “preserve the Union.” Indeed, if abolition of slavery had
been declared as the principle war aim in 1861, most likely a great majority of
Union political leaders, not to mention Union soldiers, would have recoiled,
and the Northern war effort would most likely have collapsed. It was difficult
enough to gain wide support in the North, as it was. Remember, Lincoln was elected
with less than 40% of the vote in 1860, and barely gained pluralities in most
Northern states.
“Lincoln
freed the slaves!” Not so; Lincoln freed not one slave. His
Emancipation Proclamation, issued first on September 22, 1862 and finalized on
January 1, 1863, supposedly “freeing the slaves,” only applied to those areas not
under Union military control or occupation, that is, territory of the
independent Southern states. It did not
apply to the “slave states” within the Union or controlled by the Union military,
including Delaware, Maryland, Kentucky, and Missouri. Thus, Lincoln’s
proclamation “freed” slaves where his action had no effect, but left it untouched where he could have “freed” them. Not only that, exactly one month prior to his initial proclamation
he had been interviewed by Horace Greeley, editor of The New York Tribune,
where he forthrightly stated: “If I could
save the Union without freeing any slave, I would do it… What I do about
Slavery and the colored race, I do because I believe it helps to save this
Union….” [August 22, 1862] The amendments to end slavery came after the
conclusion of the war and after the death of Lincoln.
And
most recently this charge: “Robert E. Lee and other Confederate
military leaders who had been in the US Army committed treason by violating
their oaths to defend the Union, and Confederate leaders were in rebellion
against the legitimately elected government of the United States.”
It
is this accusation that has become an ultimate weapon of choice—the “ultima ratio”—for today’s fierce
opponents of the various monuments that honor Robert E. Lee, Stonewall Jackson,
P. G. T. Beauregard, and other Confederate military leaders, and for the belief
that they should be taken down. And most especially, it is spewed forth as unassailable
gospel by many Neoconservative writers, publicists, pundits, and their less
distinguished camp followers in much of the NeverTrump elites of the Republican
Party.
Most
recently, we have witnessed the spectacle of Rich Lowry, editor of the National Review, apparently “channeling”
(!) Robert E. Lee and declaring that if Marse Robert were alive today he would
gleefully join in the chorus to bring down those monuments honoring Confederate
soldiers and leaders. [http://nypost.com/2017/08/14/why-robert-e-lee-would-be-ok-with-mothballing-confederate-monuments/ ] Tell us,
Rich, so the great general would be there right beside the “antifa” Marxists
and Black Lives Matter vandals, that is, those “new” friends you have made over
on the extreme left?
Even
more obtuse anti-Confederate views come from Mona Charen, a long time Neocon publicist and
NeverTrumper, who fears that the GOP is “being taken over by Trumpists and
Neo-Confederates”! [https://townhall.com/columnists/monacharen/2017/08/18/is-the-party-of-lincoln-now-the-party-of-lee-n2370182?utm_source=thdaily&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=nl&newsletterad
]
Perish the thought, Mona!
But
it is from the foul mouths of “conservatives” Andrew Bacevitch and Max Boot that
the worst venom emits, and, fascinatingly, it could have just as well come from
a member of the communist Workers’ World Party as from Bacevitch (who writes
for The American Conservative, but
voted for Obama twice) or Boot (who was John McCain’s foreign policy advisor
during McCain’s 2008 presidential campaign).
Just
a few quotes from Bacevitch:
“My complaint
about Lee—I admit this to my everlasting shame—was not that he was a slaveholder
who in joining the Confederacy fought to preserve slavery. It was that he had
thereby engineered the killing of many thousands of American patriots who
(whatever their views on slavery and race) wished simply to preserve the Union.
At the beginning of the Civil War, Lee famously remarked that he could not
bring himself to take up arms against his home state of Virginia. This obliged
him to take up arms against the very nation that as a serving officer he had
sworn to defend? No less than Benedict Arnold, Robert E. Lee was a traitor.
This became, and remains, my firm conviction.” [http://www.theamericanconservative.com/articles/robert-e-lee-at-west-point/?mc_cid=68a893d52f&mc_eid=136a65c873
]
And
then this from Boot:
“…what is it that we are supposed to
be grateful to the Confederates for? For seceding from the Union? For, in the
case of former U.S. Army officers such as Lee and Jackson, violating their
oaths to “support and defend the Constitution of the United States against all
enemies, foreign and domestic”? For triggering the most bloody conflict in
American history? For fighting to keep their fellow citizens in bondage?” [http://foreignpolicy.com/2017/08/18/the-difference-between-george-washington-and-robert-e-lee-trump-sedition-slavery-confederate-monuments/amp/
]
Now, these individuals are, supposedly, well-educated, with
valuable university degrees, writers of some (I would submit, undeserved)
repute. I do not believe they fall into the category of invincible ignorance; I
do not believe that will suffice as an explanation or excuse for the
hatred-laced and furious animus they demonstrate against a Lee or any other
faithful military leader of the Confederacy. Rather, they fall clearly on that other side of my unbridgeable
divide—they implicitly, through this major indicator and precisely because they are educated, reject the continuum of
Western Christian civilization. They may protest not, but, in effect and
through their views, they effectively do so. And, as such, they are the enemies
of those who do defend that great chain of being, that European inheritance of
those who went before us, the legacy of Jerusalem, Athens, and Rome. Thus, they
must be called out and their vision denounced for what it is: the “Fifth
Column” of the progressivist Revolution that seeks to radically remake the
world and man…and that remade image is not one that comes from God.